Household Waste-Based Biopesticide

Abstract

The use of organic waste as a raw material for biopesticides is an innovative approach to supporting sustainable agriculture and the circular economy. This study aims to examine the biopesticide production process through the anaerobic fermentation of household organic waste consisting of vegetable scraps, fruit peels, and allium waste. The fermentation process was conducted for 7 days with the addition of a carbon source (brown sugar) and microbial inoculum. Fermentation results showed a decrease in pH to 3–4 and the formation of bioactive compounds such as organic acids, phenolic compounds, and volatile compounds. Activity tests indicated that the biopesticide was capable of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum) by >70%, bacteria (Xanthomonas sp.) by >60%, and exhibited a repellent effect against insect pests. These results indicate that organic waste-based biopesticides have the potential to serve as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides. Furthermore, this technology contributes to waste reduction and the enhancement of the value of local resources.