Academic Burnout and Solutions: Vygotsky's Theoretical Perspective

Abstract

Burnout is a state of extreme psychological stress that individuals experience emotional exhaustion and low motivation to work. Burnout can be the result of chronic work stress. Academic burnout is a situation where individuals feel tired because of learning needs and demands, the emergence of cynicism and try to stay away from the school or campus area, and feel inadequate or competent as a student or student. Individuals experiencing academic burnout experience brain dysfunction that causes reduction or expansion or narrowing, thinning and premature aging in the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex. Based on the perspective of Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development in the theory of learning and learning is: (1) the genetic law of development, according to Vygotsky the ability of a person will grow and develop through two levels, namely: (a) the social level where people form their social environment (interpsychological or intermental) which is a primary and constitutive factor for the formation of knowledge and cognitive development somebody; (b) the psychological state within the person concerned (intrapsychological or intramental) which is seen as a derivation or offspring that grows and develops or is formed through mastery and internalization of these social processes. Some solutions to overcome academic burnout include: 1. Scaffolding; 2. Zone of proximal development; 3) Mediation; 4) Peer Tutoring Strategies; 5) Self Regulation; 6) Effective Learning; 7) Method of Brain Gym; 8) Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Programme.